Swaging is a process that uses compressive forces to change the size and shape of a metal workpiece. Usually used for changing the diameter of a rod or tube, swaging can also be employed to add a point to a round workpiece or give it an internal shape. The swaging process is generally cold, but it can also be hot, depending on the material and the desired outcome. Using a swaging machine can provide an easier and more controlled way to perform swaging operations than manual methods, such as hammer swaging.
Rotary swaging machines are generally used to reduce stock diameters and can also be utilized to swage or forge rounded or pointed ends onto items. A rotary swaging machine operates by supporting the stock centered in a group of two or four shaped swaging dies. These dies are then positioned within a cammed or lobed outer cage that rotates around the chuck and die axis, often at rates of up to 2,000 times per minute. As the swaging machine rotates, the dies are forced up against and then away from the stock, creating the desired swage or forge in the end of the stock.
For larger swaging operations, there are a number of different types of larger stationary swaging machines. Stationary swaging machines utilize a similar working principle as rotary swaging machines, but they are designed to accommodate longer and broader workpieces. They can be configured to produce swages and forges of a variety of shapes and sizes and are capable of both cold and hot swaging.
Another type of swaging machine is a hydraulic swaging machine, which can be used to assemble MS type terminals on steel ropes and cables by deforming them into a collar. This process is used to secure termination and joint fittings on wire and cable assemblies, and it can be applied to a wide range of materials.
Hydraulic swaging machines can be sized to match any application and can be powered either manually or electrically, depending on the requirements of a project. Typically, a hydraulic swaging machine will feature a control panel with a touch screen to allow the operator to program and manage operations. A hydraulic swaging machine can also be equipped with multiple dies, which is particularly useful for high-volume production.
A swaging machine can be used to apply a pin tail to a steel collar or lug to improve the strength of the joint and prevent corrosion. This process is also known as reducing a nipple or flaring. A swaging tool is used to compress the collar material into grooves on the harder pin, which essentially forges the pin into the collar and creates a more secure connection.
A swaging machine can be used in conjunction with other types of machinery to make a finished product. For example, it can be used in conjunction with sheet metal bending machines, plate rolling machines, lock closing machines and ventilation lock forming machines to produce gutter, chimney and air conditioner systems. It can even be used to help assemble pipes for water and gas lines in homes and commercial buildings.